{"id":4157,"date":"2023-03-14T13:56:53","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T06:56:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arulmj.net\/?p=4157"},"modified":"2023-03-14T14:03:14","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T07:03:14","slug":"kinh-nghiem-truoc-khi-xay-nha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arulmj.net\/kinh-nghiem-truoc-khi-xay-nha\/","title":{"rendered":"Kinh Nghi\u1ec7m Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Khi X\u00e2y Nh\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cAn c\u01b0 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/em>\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00ed mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi. T\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay vi\u1ec7c\u00a0x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m chuy\u1ec7n \u201cL\u1eadp th\u1ea5t<\/em>\u201d. B\u1edfi nh\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i che n\u1eafng che m\u01b0a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ecnh an tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau bao nhi\u00eau s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y hai m\u00e0 xong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0,\u00a0l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng \u00edt gia ch\u1ee7 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i, lo l\u1eafng.\"\"<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady,\u00a0c\u1ea9m nang x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0m\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Gia<\/strong> bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n g\u1ee3i \u00fd l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong v\u00e0 sau khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0\u00a0l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: L\u1eadp K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch X\u00e2y Nh\u00e0.<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong\u00a0nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1ecf qua ho\u1eb7c xem nh\u1eb9. Nh\u01b0ng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.\"\"<\/p>\n

    Nhu c\u1ea7u x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eebng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2y m\u1edbi cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u00a0nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, suy ngh\u0129 k\u0129 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u00a0m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1eafp x\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n hay cho thu\u00ea tr\u1ecd, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng khi \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i h\u01b0u ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n ngh\u1ec9 l\u00e0m mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm n\u01a1i y\u00ean b\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00ec nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169 k\u0129 hay mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, m\u1edbi m\u1ebb cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Ngo\u00e0i ra b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 nh\u01b0 con l\u1edbn l\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang ho\u1eb7c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 con d\u00e2u, con r\u1ec3, ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i, ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i,\u2026\"\"<\/p>\n

    X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n

    Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c\u00a0nhu c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u00a0c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u00a0di\u1ec7n t\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f2ng \u1ed1c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch th\u00eam nh\u01b0 gara, s\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1eddn, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\u2026\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t, quy m\u00f4 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c,\u2026\"\"<\/p>\n

    V\u00ec c\u00f9ng chung s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 n\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng mong mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng sao cho c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra\u00a0b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn chung v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0sao cho c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1\u00a0t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh khi thi c\u00f4ng. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u00ec v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n n\u1eefa. Do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 vay v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u00e3i vay cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o qu\u1ef9 ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u00ec ti\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c chi ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n,\u2026 Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t\u00a0k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh\u00a0t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

      2.1. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ecf ra cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y nh\u00e0:<\/p>\n

      \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed\u00a0th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 nh\u00e0 c\u0169 (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3)<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mua c\u0169 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 qu\u00e1 c\u0169, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n th\u00eam c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 nh\u00e0 c\u0169. \u0110a s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1n cho x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p.\"\"<\/p>\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n thu nho nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u0169 trong nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0(c\u1eeda \u0111i, s\u1ed5, th\u00e9p ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u, tole, b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf,\u2026) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng thu mua \u0111\u1ed3 c\u0169 mua l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

      \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed gia c\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3)\"\"<\/p>\n

      Ph\u1ea7n m\u00f3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u0103n nh\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 cho to\u00e0n c\u0103n nh\u00e0. Chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u00eam khi nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 m\u00f3ng b\u0103ng m\u1ed9t th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y 50% x di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ea7ng m\u1ed9t x \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc th\u00ec ta c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh th\u00eam s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ecdc b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh chi ph\u00ed cho nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u00e9p c\u1ecdc n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc \u00e9p t\u1ea3i. Do \u0111\u00f3, chii ph\u00ed gia c\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\"\"<\/p>\n

      \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed xin c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u00e0m ho\u00e0n c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n

      N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 quy tr\u00ecnh xin gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111i l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, ho\u00e0n c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. V\u1edbi l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n n\u00ean th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c s\u1ebd \u201c\u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n\u201d v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u00a0bao g\u1ed3m\u00a02 lo\u1ea1i:\u00a0chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u00a0( x\u00e2y th\u00f4, \u0111\u1ed5 s\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0\u00a0chi ph\u00ed trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t\u00a0(ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed s\u00e0n, tr\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1eddng,\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng\u2026 )<\/p>\n

      -Chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 m2 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Kham kh\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed tr\u00ean m2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 g\u1ea7n th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t. N\u00ean trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

      -Chi ph\u00ed trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trang b\u1ecb t\u1eeb t\u1eeb sau khi ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. M\u1ee9c trang b\u1ecb t\u00f9y v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

      -L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chi ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh. N\u00ean d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh th\u00eam t\u1eeb 5-20% <\/em><\/strong>\u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp xoay s\u1edf nh\u1eefng khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

      -Ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb ba m\u1eb9 hai ph\u00eda.<\/p>\n

      -Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u00eam t\u1eeb anh ch\u1ecb em ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft hay \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

      -Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vay t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

      2.2. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1ea5t cho ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u0103n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh chi\u00a0ph\u00ed x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\/ m2 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.\u00a0L\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00f2ng \u1ed1c trong nh\u00e0, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1ea7u (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u00e1i hi\u00ean, s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 thi c\u00f4ng l\u00ean website c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ti\u1ec7n tham kh\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi li\u00ean h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

      B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u00ec, l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 cho thu\u00ea, hay nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9, nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecd, nh\u00e0 \u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, nh\u00e0 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng?,\u2026b\u1eddi v\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 n\u00ean\u00a0gi\u00e1 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n nay\u00a0gi\u00e1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4\u00a0\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i Tp. HCM, B\u00e0 R\u1ecba-V\u0169ng T\u00e0u, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, Long An, B\u1ebfn Tre, T\u00e2y Ninh\u2026 l\u00e0 :\u00a02.800.000\u0111 >4.500.0000\u0111\/m2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (t\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u & quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh).<\/p>\n

      Chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 giao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u .T\u1eeb\u00a04.500.000\u0111 \u2013 7.000.000\u0111\/m2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(t\u00f9y quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt t\u01b0 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u).<\/p>\n

      2.3. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean chi ph\u00ed cho ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9. Chi ph\u00ed lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

      \u2013\u00a0Chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0(\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng)<\/p>\n

      \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/p>\n

      \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t\u00a0( ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t).<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y m2 s\u00e0n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 1m2, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1eadp \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 theo d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

      2.4. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n cho c\u0103n nh\u00e0\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n cho c\u0103n nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm, b\u1ebfp ga, b\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y l\u1ea1nh, b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf sofa, \u0111\u00e8n trang tr\u00ed, r\u00e8m c\u1eeda, g\u1ea1ch \u1ed1p l\u00e1t, s\u00e0n g\u1ed7,\u2026 B\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang cho ph\u00ed n\u00e0y v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0\u00a0ph\u1ea7n d\u1eddi\u00a0v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb sau khi ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Th\u1eddi gian trang b\u1ecb th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd th\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, chi ph\u00ed ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng\u00a02 tri\u1ec7u\/m2 ~ 5tri\u1ec7u\/m2\u00a0x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

      2.5. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh. V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, v\u1eeba gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng\u00a010- 30%\u00a0s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n. V\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m h\u01a1n khi trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Phong th\u1ee7y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0<\/strong>.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Phong th\u1ee7y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0<\/p>\n

        Phong th\u1ee7y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh y\u00ean, may m\u1eafn v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, vui v\u1ebb. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c phong th\u1ee7y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 \u0111i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t phong th\u1ee7y bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, c\u1ed5ng, c\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0, h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ebfp, h\u01b0\u1edbng ban th\u1edd, ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ra \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc phong th\u1ee7y. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf phong th\u1ee7y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111o \u0111\u1eb9p cho c\u1eeda c\u1ed5ng, c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh, c\u1eeda ph\u1ee5, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, ban th\u1edd theo cung t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1edbc L\u1ed7 Ban, sao cho l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb9p mang l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p d\u1ecbp t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

        Ngo\u00e0i ra b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n xem ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 xem tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng ra l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p phong th\u1ee7y hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khi ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n tu\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0\u1ee3n tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, cho n\u00ean m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec m\u01b0\u1ee3n tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia.\"\"<\/p>\n

        Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t th\u1eddi gian khi kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0y, gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 (c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0o k\u1ef5 n\u0103m nay thay m\u1eb7t trong l\u00fac quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u1ea7n\u2026) nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn n\u00ean m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7y v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

        R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 th\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gia ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n\u00a0l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebfu \u0111i m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 khi\u1ebfn gia ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f3 xoay s\u1edf n\u1ebfu r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 n\u1ea3y sinh. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng, nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong t\u1ea7m tay v\u00e0 t\u00fai ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0).\"\"<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

        Sau khi \u0111\u00e3\u00a0l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi ph\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) hay phong th\u1ee7y nh\u00e0 \u1edf th\u00ec gia ch\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ngay \u0111\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng:\u00a0L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 hay kh\u00f4ng? \u2026 L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y ra ngay trong \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu \u201cnh\u1ea3y c\u00f3c\u201d qua b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao. C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec m\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb9p S\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m trong\u00a0c\u1ea9m nang x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf nh\u00e9?<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch sinh ho\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u1edf th\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 phong th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u00a0thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0\u00a0ri\u00eang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

          B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ra nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch g\u00f3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. N\u00ean khi x\u00e2y xong, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc\u2026. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00ed do b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

          Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho v\u1eeba ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t v\u1eeba gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1eabm m\u1ef9 cao. C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh dung ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0110i t\u00ecm \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c trang web, fanpage, s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t\u2026Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tham lam khi mu\u1ed1n gom t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p \u1edf c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

            H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0<\/p>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u1ef9 quan. Thay v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd ho\u1eb7c l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ,gi\u00fap ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ef9 quan.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              3.1. B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u2013 B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng\u00a0v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3\u00a0(x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e0 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean khu \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0o, nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed1, chia l\u00f4 hay n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n).<\/p>\n

              \u2013 M\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng: l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea7ng nh\u00e0, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.\u00a0Nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng gian\u00a0b\u00ean trong sau khi theo m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang. M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t\u00a0s\u00e0n kho\u1ea3ng 1.5 m. t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ta nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

              \u2013\u00a0M\u1eb7t c\u1eaft<\/p>\n

              M\u1eb7t c\u1eaft: l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd\u00a0th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian theo chi\u1ec1u\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9ng. V\u1edbi m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eebng ng\u00f5 ng\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 chi ti\u1ebft s\u00e0n, s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp g\u00ec? s\u00e0n m\u00e1i g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 l\u1edbp g\u00ec? s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng 1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

              \u2013 M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng:\u00a0l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd th\u1ec3\u00a0hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng b\u00ean\u00a0ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

              \u2013\u00a0Chi ti\u1ebft thang\u00a0(g\u1ed3m\u00a0c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng, m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft, chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eadc thang v\u00e0 lan can)<\/p>\n

              \u2013 Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec7\u00a0sinh<\/p>\n

              \u2013\u00a0Chi ti\u1ebft c\u1eeda<\/p>\n

              \u2013\u00a0C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft trang\u00a0tr\u00ed\u00a0(b\u1eadc\u00a0tam c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed9t, ph\u00e0o ch\u1ec9, \u0111\u1eafp, chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e1i , gi\u00e0n hoa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng,\u2026)<\/p>\n

              Ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ( chi ti\u1ebft thang, trang tr\u00ed, b\u1eadc tam c\u1ea5p,..) di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 n\u00e9t v\u00e0 k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y ghi ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

              3.2. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u2013 K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\u00a0m\u00f3ng, chi ti\u1ebft m\u00f3ng: S\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho \u0111\u1ed9i thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f3ng, gi\u1eb1ng m\u00f3ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00f3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u1ed9t d\u1ea7m s\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

              \u2013 K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u s\u00e0n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng, s\u00e0n m\u00e1i<\/p>\n

              \u2013 K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\u00a0c\u00e1c khung<\/p>\n

              \u2013 K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\u00a0\u0111an thang<\/p>\n

              \u2013 K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft lanh t\u00f4 c\u1eeda, v\u00f2m cu\u1ed1n<\/p>\n

              3.3. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng<\/li>\n
              • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ed5 c\u1eafm<\/li>\n
              • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf internet<\/li>\n
              • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1p<\/li>\n
              • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i<\/li>\n
              • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u2013 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Th\u00f4ng k\u00ea v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

                3.4. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ea5p \u2013 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

                \u2013 M\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng<\/p>\n

                \u2013 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c khu v\u1ec7 sinh, to\u00e0n nh\u00e0<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Th\u00f4ng k\u00ea\u00a0v\u00e2t li\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

                C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

                \u2013 M\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng<\/p>\n

                \u2013 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c khu v\u1ec7 sinh, to\u00e0n nh\u00e0 (ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 h\u01b0\u1edbng tho ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh)<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u00a0tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

                3.5. B\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n kinh ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                B\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n kinh ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n

                \u2013 Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e1y thi c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n

                T\u00f3m\u00a0l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 bao g\u1ed3m: B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n\u00a0kinh ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. C\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hay ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 g\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tay ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ed1 n\u0103m\u00a0kinh nghi\u1ec7m\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tuy kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd sao cho\u00a0c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch, c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi cho ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e0ng ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 cao.<\/p>\n

                  B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. B\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u201c\u1ed5n\u201d nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00eam kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 m\u1edbi\u00a0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y v\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, am hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft,\u00a0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi cao, kh\u00e1 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

                  Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 phong th\u1ee7y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0. V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3\u00a0ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 phong th\u1ee7y.\u00a0B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng, n\u00ean s\u1ebd ki\u00eam\u00a0lu\u00f4n vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t\u00a0sao cho h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

                  B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n n\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                  Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1eefa m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1\u00a0nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn\u00a0c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. B\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u00a0t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u mong mu\u1ed1n, nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng v\u1eeba \u00fd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xoay quanh b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, sao cho b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u00e2m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 t\u00e2m t\u01b0u nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

                  \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 m\u1ea5y t\u1ea7ng, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch di\u1ec7n t\u00edch bao nhi\u00eau, ph\u00f2ng b\u1ebfp c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i \u0111i ri\u00eang hay ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng \u0103n chung v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1ebfp v\u00e0\u00a0c\u1ea7n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7, c\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u00eam ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ebb em kh\u00f4ng?\u2026\u00a0B\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e0ng chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung ra \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

                  M\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t trong c\u0103n nh\u00e0 (thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trang tr\u00ed tr\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e0n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c, \u2026) l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u01b0a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1edbm th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u0103n nh\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mong mu\u1ed1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n\u00a0m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft\u00a0nhu c\u1ea7u\u00a0c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0\u00a0tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng\u00a0trang tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

                    N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc hay b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai b\u00ean m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khi ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

                    Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd khi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e3y b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng\u00a0phong th\u1ee7y\u00a0cho nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0: h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u1ed1c\u2026<\/p>\n

                    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh h\u01a1n n\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 t\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cho ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nh\u01b0\u00a0c\u1ea7u sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u00e0i h\u00f2a nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1ed7i gia ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 t\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00f4i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p phong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y cho m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3, phong c\u00e1ch sinh ho\u1ea1t, s\u1edf th\u00edch, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf qua b\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0th\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7m ch\u1eafc s\u1ef1 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i. L\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i chi ph\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh r\u1ee7i ro, nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 \u1ea5m sau khi thi c\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

                    B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh\"\"<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Ai c\u0169ng r\u00f5\u00a0x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3\u00a0gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u00a0m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed1, bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac. Gia ch\u1ee7 b\u1ecf qua b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c\u00a0xin\u00a0ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 r\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 sau. C\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt gia ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u1ee7 quan n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf xong \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea5y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 an t\u00e2m trong v\u00e0 sau khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

                    Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t\u00a0ph\u00e1p l\u00fd\u00a0c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c\u00a0th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p\u00a0x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0, gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

                    Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sau: khu \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecf (gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t), v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

                    Th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/p>\n

                    T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xin c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

                    \u2013\u00a0\u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh\u00a0\u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho S\u1edf X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea5p I, c\u1ea5p II; c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o; c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u2013 v\u0103n ho\u00e1; c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i, tranh ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh do m\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd; nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn, tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a UBND c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh; c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i; c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c do \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

                    \u2013\u00a0\u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p huy\u1ec7n\u00a0c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u1edf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh do m\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ed9c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

                    \u2013\u00a0\u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n x\u00e3\u00a0c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf ri\u00eang l\u1ebb t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00e2n c\u01b0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a UBND c\u1ea5p huy\u1ec7n khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh do m\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

                    Vi\u1ec7c\u00a0xin ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u00a0nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n \u201c\u0111ao to b\u00faa l\u1edbn\u201d n\u00ean c\u00e1c gia ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 tr\u00ean, gia ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

                    B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng.\"\"<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Tr\u1ea3i qua vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u00a0ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng,\u00a0t\u00ecm nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u\u00a0thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0x\u00e2y nh\u00e0. Gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t \u201cr\u1eebng\u201d \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i tung r\u1ed1i m\u00f9 khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 r\u1ed3i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fat t\u00fai ngay c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n k\u00edp n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i v\u1ec1 sau nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u1ea3o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi b\u00ean th\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1eebng lo v\u00ec Nh\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb9p S\u1ed1 d\u00e0nh h\u1eb3n ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y trong\u00a0c\u1ea9m nang x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. T\u00ecm nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u0110a s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch\u00a0h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, nh\u1edd h\u1ecd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen n\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ea7u kh\u00e1 tin c\u1eady, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u uy t\u00edn. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 ra c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o\u00a0c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.\u00a0Hi\u1ec7n nay internet ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng internet c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt tr\u00ean internet. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t m\u00ecnh \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 khi ch\u1ecdn th\u1ea7u\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        2.1. Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cho nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7\u00a0tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt\u00a0c\u0169ng nh\u01b0\u00a0kinh nghi\u1ec7m\u00a0nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u00e2m ni\u00ean trong ngh\u1ec1, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ef1c thi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u01b0u ti\u00ean. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c\u00a0chi ph\u00ed thi c\u00f4ng\u00a0nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn cao, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cao n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

                        Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u\"\"<\/p>\n

                        \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e9t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c\u00a0c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh\/d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng,\u2026t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

                        M\u1ed9t g\u1ee3i \u00fd nh\u1ecf cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed1\u00a0ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 trung b\u00ecnh \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, n\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u00fa t\u00e2m cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i uy t\u00edn, tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

                        2.2. Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian thi c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng gian thi c\u00f4ng cho nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 \u1edf l\u00e0\u00a04-5 th\u00e1ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u00ec d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 r\u00f3t v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi\u00a0ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng. C\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00ec c\u00f2n chi. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian cho ph\u00e9p th\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p\u2026<\/p>\n

                        2.3. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3\"\"<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m khi t\u00ecm nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u cho m\u00ecnh. T\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1\u00a0gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3\u00a0l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 thi c\u00f4ng r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. B\u1edfi n\u1ebfu c\u00e0ng r\u1ebb th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00fat ru\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u00f3\u00a0m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c,\u2026\u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thi c\u00f4ng\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3\u00a03\u00a0h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c thi c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

                          H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u00a0l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c\u00a0x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i\u00a0(ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 trao tay). C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 b\u00e0n giao to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u l\u00e0m t\u1eeb A-Z. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

                          H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 hai\u00a0l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 lo m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u lo nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 lo th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1ec7 sinh, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ebfp, g\u1ea1ch \u1ed1p l\u00e1t, s\u01a1n b\u1ea3, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, v.v\u2026 V\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhiefu ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ee3n h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a\u00a0ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c theo \u0111\u00fang \u00fd th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                          H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\u00a0l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1eadt t\u01b0, \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 lo v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00ec m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh ra \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eadt t\u01b0 s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t trong 3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thi c\u00f4ng\"\"<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi\u00a0\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u00a0nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

                            Trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng, th\u1eddi gian thanh to\u00e1n\u2026 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh An to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 n\u1ed9i quy sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

                            S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 \u201cn\u1ea5m m\u1ecdc sau m\u01b0a\u201d hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n hoa m\u1eaft khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fat t\u00fai c\u00e1c b\u00ed k\u00edp tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed tr\u00ean. Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u201cch\u1ecdn m\u1eb7t g\u1eedi v\u00e0ng\u201d nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00ean c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cphi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh\u201d cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4n s\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p hay tranh c\u00e3i n\u00e0o trong v\u00e0 sau thi c\u00f4ng.\"\"<\/p>\n

                            Ng\u00f4 Gia<\/strong> hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ea9m nang x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t cho gia ch\u1ee7 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb trong vi\u1ec7c thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

                            TH\u00d4NG TIN LI\u00caN H\u1ec6:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \"ng\u00f4<\/p>\n

                            C<\/strong>\u00d4NG TY TNHH KI\u1ebeN TR\u00daC\u00a0<\/strong>V\u00c0 X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG NG\u00d4 GIA<\/strong>
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                            \n\u2022 X\u01b0\u1edfng S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t: 109A Th\u1ea1nh Xu\u00e2n 33, P. Th\u1ea1nh Xu\u00e2n, Q. 12, Tp.HCM
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                             <\/p>\n

                             <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                            \u201cAn c\u01b0 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00ed mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi. T\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay vi\u1ec7c\u00a0x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m chuy\u1ec7n \u201cL\u1eadp th\u1ea5t\u201d. B\u1edfi nh\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i che n\u1eafng che m\u01b0a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ecnh an tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau bao nhi\u00eau s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. 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T\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay vi\u1ec7c\u00a0x\u00e2y nh\u00e0\u00a0lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m chuy\u1ec7n \u201cL\u1eadp th\u1ea5t\u201d. B\u1edfi nh\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i che n\u1eafng che m\u01b0a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ecnh an tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau bao nhi\u00eau s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. 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